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Bad trip (drug-induced temporary psychosis or psychedelic crisis) is a disturbing experience typically associated with use of a hallucinogen, such as psychedelics — such as LSD, mescaline, psilocybin and DMT — or dissociatives — like Salvinorin A (the active chemical of ''Salvia divinorum'') or Dextromethorphan. A "bad trip" is sometimes possible with other drugs including alcohol, cannabinoids and MDMA. The manifestations can range from feelings of vague anxiety and alienation to profoundly disturbing states of unrelieved terror, ultimate entrapment, or complete loss of self-identity. Psychedelic specialists in the therapeutic community do not necessarily consider unpleasant experiences as threatening or negative, focusing instead on their potential to greatly benefit the user when properly resolved. Bad trips can be exacerbated by the inexperience or irresponsibility of the user or the lack of proper preparation and environment for the trip, and are reflective of unresolved psychological tensions triggered during the course of the experience.〔Stanislav Grof, ''LSD Psychotherapy;'' passim〕 It is suggested that, at a minimum, such crises be managed by preventing the individual from harming oneself or others by whatever means necessary up to and including physical restraint, providing the patient with a safe and comfortable space, and supervising the intaker until all effects of the drug have completely worn off. ==Aspects== A multitude of reactions can occur during a psychedelic crisis. Some users may experience a general sense of fear or an anxiety attack. A user may be overwhelmed with the disconnection many psychedelics cause, and fear that they are going insane or will never return to reality. This can cause the user to fall into a depressive mood. Other reactions include an amplification of nameless fears; that is, fears that are unfounded and are usually not encountered in normality. Users may exhibit actions suggesting harm to themselves or others around them. This harm could take the form of suicidal ideation, or full-blown suicide attempts. Because of the magnification of emotions many psychedelics could possibly cause thoughts of death and intensely adverse reactions in some users. Users can believe that their death is imminent or that the very universe itself is collapsing.〔 Rapidly accelerated aging of other people may be experienced, perpetuating the aforementioned fears to an even greater degree. Some users may experience disorientation. The normal views of time, space and person can be substantially altered, causing fear. Some can worsen their condition by trying to fight the psychedelic experience after embarkment. There can be illusions of insects crawling over or into one's self, or of being in dirty places such as sewers. Some users may experience losing the control of their mind in form of racing thoughts. In rare cases, an apparent complete loss of control can be observed, and the behavior a person exhibits reflects a lack of normal understanding about navigation of a physical environment. This can cause accidental harm to themselves and others, including running into traffic, flailing around, or, as it may not necessarily involve physical movement, inducing a catatonic state, or causing seemingly random vocalizations, not limited to speech. This may be caused by a failure to recognize external stimuli for what it is. Stanislav Grof explains this feature: :There is a tremendous danger of confusing the inner world with the outer world, so you’ll be dealing with your inner realities but at the same time you are not even aware of what’s happening, You perceive a sort of distortion of the world out there. So you can end up in a situation where you’re weakening the resistances, your conscious is becoming more aware, but you’re not really in touch with it properly, you’re not really fully experiencing what’s there, not seeing it for what it is. You get kind of deluded and caught into this.〔http://www.lycaeum.org/leda/docs/16869.shtml?ID=16869〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bad trip」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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